Indonesia’s state power utility, PT PLN, has unveiled an ambitious roadmap to achieve the nation’s Net Zero Emissions (NZE) target by 2060. With a blend of renewable energy initiatives, advanced carbon capture technologies, and modernized infrastructure, PLN is paving the way for a sustainable and reliable energy future.

Carbon Capture and Coal Transition

To address emissions from coal-fired power plants (PLTU), PLN plans to integrate Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) and Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) technologies. These measures are critical as coal-fired plants currently dominate Indonesia’s energy mix.

Chairani Rachmatullah, President Director of PLN Enjiniring, emphasized the importance of retrofitting existing PLTUs instead of abrupt decommissioning. “We select specific plants for CCUS technology to balance energy production and emissions control,” she explained. This approach ensures reliable energy supply while reducing carbon emissions.

Accelerated Renewable Energy Development

PLN’s Accelerated Renewable Energy Development (ARED) program focuses on expanding renewable energy sources like solar, wind, hydropower, and geothermal. By 2060, renewables will comprise 75% of the energy mix, with the remaining balance supported by coal plants equipped with CCS systems and battery storage technologies.

Renewable energy, while promising, faces challenges due to its variable nature. Factors such as cloud cover and fluctuating wind conditions can impact energy output. To mitigate this, PLN is developing flexible generation strategies and investing in energy storage systems like batteries to stabilize supply during low-output periods.

Building a Green Energy Super Grid

One of PLN’s flagship initiatives is the creation of a green energy super grid. This nationwide transmission network will connect resource-rich regions like Sumatra, Kalimantan, and Nusa Tenggara to high-demand areas, including Java and Bali.

The super grid will address local demand limitations and inadequate transmission infrastructure, enabling full utilization of Indonesia’s vast renewable energy potential. “This system integrates renewable sources with advanced storage technologies to ensure stable and efficient energy distribution,” Chairani explained.

Long-Term Vision and Technological Innovation

PLN’s roadmap incorporates CCS/CCUS as a cornerstone technology, with initial implementation set for 2040. Indonesia’s geological advantages, including vast saline aquifers, offer promising CO2 storage solutions. The company also sees natural gas as a transitional energy source, providing reliability while renewable technologies mature.

By combining innovation, economic feasibility, and supportive policies, PLN is optimistic about achieving its NZE goals. Chairani highlighted, “Advancements in CCS and renewable technologies will eventually make these solutions more affordable, driving Indonesia’s sustainable energy transition.”