China is stepping up efforts to regulate artificial intelligence (AI) as part of its ongoing strategy to protect its cultural heritage, particularly against the misuse of AI in altering traditional literature. The Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC) has voiced concerns about the increasing use of AI to create humorous or satirical videos based on iconic Chinese literature, such as Journey to the West and Dream of the Red Chamber.

AI remastering of these classic works, often with humorous or sarcastic twists, has been causing a stir across Chinese social media platforms. While such content is popular among younger audiences, it has raised alarms about the potential degradation of traditional values.

According to the National Radio and Television Administration (NRTA), AI-generated content like these altered videos can distort the core essence of China's intellectual properties and challenge cultural perceptions. The Chinese government has made it clear that it aims to preserve the sanctity of its cultural heritage, which plays a vital role in the Communist Party's broader "cultural rejuvenation" campaign.

With this in mind, the NRTA has called for the removal of AI-altered content that disrespects classic literature. Authorities argue that such video clips, while entertaining, pose a threat to the nation's ideological integrity and could mislead younger generations unfamiliar with the original works.

The call for stricter oversight comes amid rising concerns about the rise of "deepfakes" and misinformation, issues that are becoming increasingly common in the digital age. In response, China has implemented several AI regulatory measures, including the "Administrative Provisions on Deep Synthesis in Internet-based Information Services."

These regulations require clear labeling of AI-generated content that could mislead the public. The government aims to balance the country's embrace of new technologies with the need to maintain social harmony and ideological control. Despite these concerns, experts acknowledge that the use of AI in the entertainment industry is a double-edged sword.

While AI offers opportunities for innovation, it also challenges existing laws and regulations. Gu Yu, a Beijing-based lawyer, notes that the rapid pace of technological advancements makes it difficult for lawmakers to keep up. "We should approach new technologies with tolerance for innovation, but we must also take action against content that distorts fundamental values," he said.

The debate over AI and traditional culture is currently a hot topic in China, with widespread discussions on social media platforms like Weibo. Many internet users express support for the government's actions, citing the importance of safeguarding national literature and values.

However, there is also significant pushback, with some arguing that overregulation limits creative freedom and entertainment options. As China continues to explore AI governance, the country faces a delicate balance act: fostering technological growth while ensuring that the rapid expansion of AI does not undermine its cultural and ideological foundations.

SCMP